BLACKSTONE NATIONAL CORRIDOR WATERBIRD MONITORING FALL
2005
- I want to thank all the folks that were involved
monitoring in this year’s project: SHEILA CARROLL, DAN BERARD, DAN
BERARD JR., DEB BERARD, BRUCE DeGRAAF, PHIL GUERIN, KIM KASTLER, JOHN
LILLER, FRANIC McMENEMY, KATHY MILLS, BILL RASKU, JOHN SHEA, BARBARA
WALKER, MIKE WALKER, RICK WALKER, JOAN ZUMPFE
- DATES OF THE COUNT THIS YEAR: December
3&4 2005. This was the 5th year of doing an all
Corridor count.
- WEATHER:
Very cold (morning temps below freezing) and windy on Saturday. Snow
showers on Sunday.
- WATER CONDITIONS: Large bodies, like reservoirs, were mostly
open from north to south. In the northern parts of the Corridor (ex.
Leicester), small ponds and marshes were mostly frozen. In the lower elevations
of the Corridor to the south like Providence, there was very little ice In
most locations. Though this count
was about one to two weeks later than previous counts, the number and
variety of species was (on the whole) pretty good. SEE DISCUSSION BELOW.
- THIS YEAR’S COUNT: DISCUSSION:
- Numbers of waterbirds, though on the low side,
were still not the lowest counted for most species. Many species in fact
had higher than average counts. This included Ring-necked Duck and Common
Merganser. The latter species had the highest overall count tallied so
far, though for some odd reason seemed almost a “no show” in towns in
southern Worcester County, Cumberland RI (where they should have been
very common at this time) as well as East Providence. Had they just not migrated
south yet? The breakdown of which species had higher than average numbers
and which species had low numbers was not unexpected. “Dabbler” numbers
(species that use edge habitat edge habitat which is the first place to
freeze), tended to be on the lower than average side. But many migrant
“diving” ducks numbers were higher than average. These species tend to be
later migrants than dabblers. Numbers of Great Blue Herons, also
dependent on edge habitat to be ice-free, were also on the low side. But just
when you think that we can understand the occurrence of all species
simply based how late in the year it was, please note that we had a high
count of OSPREYS, a species certainly associated with the earlier parts
of the fall migration year. This is in line with an ever-increasing
number of sightings of this species in Southern New England progressively
later and later in the fall and early winter season.
- GADWALL numbers, or rather a complete lack of Gadwalls this year, present
a real problem for understanding the movements of waterfowl in the
Corrdior. If you look at past years data and compare it with this year’s
total absence of Gadwalls, you can understand why I am a bit concerned.
This is a species that COMMONLY overwinters in the southern parts of the
Corridor (Pawtucket, East Providence and Providence) and should have been
found in numbers the later in the season we counted. Yet they were
completely absent even from their strongholds in the Lonsdale marshes and
the Ten Mile River (Pawtucket Country Club pond). Have they yet to move
south? I doubt that. Perhaps there has been a slight shift in migratory
patterns that sometimes occurs with species like RUDDY DUCKS. Monitors
should closely watch reports of GADWALLS throughout southern New England
this year and see if there are any unusually high or low counts of this
important species. Possibly similar to this is a decline in numbers of AMERICAN
WIGEON. Decades ago numbers of this species in late fall migration at
Turner Reservoir, East Providence (“in” the Corridor) would sometimes
include single day counts of hundreds. There has been a steady decline of
this species there for some time now. Within the last several years of
monitoring of the Corridor I have noticed a decline in Wigeon in the
remaining favored areas in the Corridor like Bold Point and Turner
Reservoir. To be sure, good numbers are still to be found just south of
the Corridor in Watchemoket Cove (East Providence), but the regional
distribution of this species in late fall and winter needs to be closely
watched.
- MALLARD numbers were also surprisingly on the low side. Typically this is
one of those species that just seems to move south in the Corridor as
northern ponds freeze and mid-winter counts along the Seekonk River are
often very high. This year numbers were down in many areas. Part of the
reason for this, and possibly the low counts of some other dabblers, MAY
be the unusually high water levels at many spots. But it takes a lot of
environmental degradation for Mallards to move on, so there must be
other reasons why our
Corridor-wide totals of Mallards are so low.
- OTHER CHANGES. Certainly the rapid and unabated development around the Corridor
is affecting the occurrence of some species, though exactly how is
complex. Increased recreational use of waterways, the inevitable
pollution that occurs as more and more people build close to water’s edge
and even an increase in hunting may all contribute to a decline in
waterfowl numbers. As to hunting. I have noticed in my sections hunters
being present now where in years past I had never seen them before. This
includes now commonly finding hunters on the critical habitat of the
Seekonk River. Hunting IS legal there, but only in a small stretch
between the Ten Mile River outflow and the Henderson Bridge. In the last
two years I have seen hunters in boats in areas where they are clearly
not supposed to be, like right off Swan Point Cemetery. When I have
notified people “in charge” about this (Swan Point Cemetery security,
East Providence police) there seemed to be little concern or a general
feeling that they, the people in charge, did not know the regulations so
“what can they do?”. As the area of the Blackstone Corridor gets more and
more developed, there will be increased pressure for more and more
recreational uses (passive and non-passive, like hunting) of these same
waterways that also host an important variety and number of migratory
waterbird species and this needs to be taken into account when developing
a recreation policy for certain critical ponds.
- UPTON, MENDON, HOPEDALE AND DOUGLAS, UXBRIDGE, NORTHBRIDGE. As
a geographical unit, the towns of Upton, Mendon and Hopedale seem to be
anathema to waterbirds. Though pond size and the number of ponds is
certainly a factor, in these towns even Mallards and Canada Geese seem to
give these ponds a wide berth. I find this fascinating. On first glance,
these three towns are good examples of what I would call “unbridled
development” and sprawl and this certainly is tempting to posit as a
reason for the paltry numbers of waterbirds found in these towns. Though
that maybe part of the answer, consider this: the two biggest
CITIES in the Corridor, Worcester and Providence, have consistently
hosted some of the greatest variety and numbers of waterbirds. So, it is not simply the amount of
Homo sapiens in any given area. I suspect it is the size and composition
of the ponds and how they are used. If there are nooks and crannies with
emergent vegetation that waterbirds can retreat to on a body of water, areas
on a pond where they can get sufficiently far away from people, they will
continue to use that pond. A great example of such a pond is tiny SALISBURY POND in Worcester. This Park
pond has a marshy back edge along which ducks can get away from people or
at least seem to be in a more wild location. When you lose these
sub-habitats in a pond or lake, my guess is that you will lose the ducks.
Is this what is happening in Mendon, Upton, Hopedale? Or is it water
quality issues? Time and further research will tell. Interestingly,
waterbird numbers from NORTHBRIDGE, UXBRIDGE, AND DOUGLAS were
also disappointing this year, though typically at least some of the ponds
in each of those towns are productive. For instance, Rasku and Mills
noted an almost complete lack of Common Mergansers in Douglas and
Uxbridge, even though (as this survey shows) they were found to the north
(look at the counts from Worcester and Millbury) as well as south of
these areas. Carroll and Lynch also noted an almost lack of Common
Mergansers from Cumberland, where they should have been extremely common
at this time, as well as East Providence and Providence, where numbers of
this species overwinter. OVERALL numbers of Common Mergs in the Corridor
were excellent, a new record high, but they were just not where they had
been in years past.
- SURPRISES. The Walkers noted that what used to be a productive pond in
Riverdale (actually a swelling of the Blackstone River up-river from a
dam) now has dramatically changed. “There is no longer a pond since the
dam was opened during the recent rains to alleviate flooding. Looks like
they are not going to close it again. The Blackstone River has scoured
out a channel thru the mud flats left over after the water receded.
Everywhere on the river the water was high and fast moving. Lots of
water, no ducks.” Liller and Kastler had (3) RIVER OTTERS in
Burrillville. The Berards noted that folks are still commonly feeding
ducks in the RI section. Carroll and Lynch had a sighting of Santa and
Mrs. Claus driving through Cumberland when the passed the happy couple in
a car in full regalia obviously heading to some gig.
- ATTACHED: X-cel sheets for Worcester County and Rhode Island town-by-town
totals, an X-cel sheet for year totals by state for all five years that
includes state and Corridor-wide average counts.
Thanks to all again,
Mark Lynch
Moa.lynch@verizon.net